One of the largest joints in the body is the hip. A ball and socket joint is involved. The acetabulum, a piece of the pelvis bone, creates the socket. The femoral head, or ball, is located at the top of the femur (thighbone). Articular cartilage, a smooth tissue that cushions the ends of the bones and permits them to move smoothly, is placed over the bone surfaces of the ball and socket. The synovial membrane, a supple tissue, encircles the hip joint. This membrane in a healthy hip produces a tiny amount of fluid that lubricates the cartilage and virtually eliminates friction when the hip is moved. The hip capsule, which is made up of bands of connective tissue called ligaments, stabilises.This is an age-related wear and tear type of arthritis. It usually occurs in people 50 years of age and older and often in individuals with a family history of arthritis. The cartilage cushioning the bones of the hip wears away. The bones then rub against each other, causing hip pain and stiffness. Osteoarthritis may also be caused or accelerated by subtle irregularities in how the hip developed in childhood.
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